It may be common knowledge that p < .05 indicates statistical significance. Psychology students (and others) are often taught that p < .05 means the probability (p) of rejecting the null hypothesis ...

Central to the theme of hypothesis testing is the P-value, which is often misunderstood or misinterpreted. While it is often stated as the probability of the data having arisen by chance, the P-value ...

Hypothesis testing is a formal procedure for investigating our ideas about the world using statistics. It is most often used by researchers to test predictions, called hypotheses. The first step in ...

Understanding the basics of statistics can be quite challenging. One of the problems with statistical analysis is the manner in which it is presented, which is often rather disjointed. This series of ...

1. You are doing some research and have collected some data from a sample of people who were randomly selected from a population in which you are interested. You have ...

Statistical significance is a critical concept in data analysis and research. In essence, it’s a measure that allows researchers to assess whether the results of an experiment or study are due to ...

Will Kenton is an expert on the economy and investing laws and regulations. He previously held senior editorial roles at Investopedia and Kapitall Wire and holds a MA in Economics from The New School ...

A history of the selection of the widely used significance level leaves much to be desired. Statisticians and non-statisticians daily select the level of statistical significance to be used for ...

Confidence intervals are computed from a random sample and therefore they are also random. The long run behavior of a 95% confidence interval is such that we’d expect 95% of the confidence intervals ...

Did you ever wonder why 19th century pirates are often represented wearing eye patches? I never did, because I assumed that it was for the obvious reason: they had lost an eye. Pirates, like many ...